Spelling is the study of:
* Phonics as related to the grouping of words for spelling
such as: an, man, can
* Syllabication learn to divide words and spell by syllabication
such as: mul-ti-pli-ca-tion; dic-ta-tion; re-la-tion
* Prefixes, what they mean and how to use them
* Suffixes, what they mean and how to use them
* Rules for plurals and possessive and for adding suffixes
such as: when the y is preceded by a consonant, change the y to i and add es
* Learning to pronounce words correctly to spell correctly
* Learning the basic sight words
* Spelling and Vocabulary mix when learning:
Antonyms opposite meaning such as hot and cold
Synonyms similar meaning such as jog and trot
Homonyms alike in sound or spelling but not meaning such as altar and alter
Learning Greek and Latin Roots, Prefixes, and Suffixes

English is the study of:
* Literature
Reading/analyzing/enjoying stories, poems, any written works
* Grammar
* Composition
Writing stories, poems, reports, etc.
Learning how to use a dictionary and library, as well as how to do research is part of composition.
* Speech
Preparing announcements, presentations, speaking before a group, and pronouncing words correctly. Learning how to use (and control) posture, expressions, and tone of voice effectively.

Apostrophes: Teach these contractions to show the use of apostrophes (apostrophes show that letters have been left out):
[I'm] [let's]
The nots: [can't] [aren't] [don't] [hasn't] [isn't] [didn't] [hadn't] [wasn't]
pronouns: [he's] [it's] [I've] [she's] [I'll] [we'll] [you'll] [we're] [you'll] [you've] [they'll] [they've]
some of the harder nots: [weren't] [won't] [haven't] [doesn't] [shouldn't] [wouldn't] [couldn't]

Vocabulary is the study of:
* The meanings of words
Many words have several different meanings each, study the meanings of the words and the part of speech.
* How the words are used
Study the words in context, apply what you learn by writing sentences with your words.
* Root words, prefixes, suffixes
Studying these will aid in the study of vocabulary.
* Analogies
This is comparing two pairs of words and choosing the pair that go together.
example:
Book : Backpack::
(A) clothing : dresser
(B) china : silver